Sonytek Display Co., Limited

What is the function of thin film triode TFT LCD?

Time：2023-11-08

We can use the on and off of the white light bulb to compare the brightness change of the pixels of the LCD screen (the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules) to illustrate the characteristics and functions of the TFT. After the liquid crystal display is powered on, the response speed of the liquid crystal molecules is quite slow.

It's like a light bulb taking a long time to fully light up.

If you connect a light bulb (one pixel of the liquid crystal) to a normal mechanical switch, when the switch is turned on, the light bulb will start to glow, but it will take a certain amount of time to reach full brightness. From when it is turned off, the bulb starts to dim, but it takes a while to go off completely. Using this method, if the bulb is required to maintain a certain brightness, voltage must be continuously applied to it.

On the contrary, the use of TFT thin film triode switches can not only control the on and off of the current, but also continuously control the direction of the current. A positive voltage applied to the gate controls the current or a negative voltage controls the current, whether the current is on or off, and the direction of flow is the voltage level applied to the source.

If a high voltage is applied to the source and the switch is in the ON position (a positive voltage is applied to the gate), the capacitor will be fully charged in a very short time. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the bulb (liquid crystal cell), the bulb gradually becomes brighter (the liquid crystal molecules start to align under the action of the electric field). If the gate voltage is negative and the switch is closed, the source current is cut off, but the charge stored in the capacitor maintains that voltage, keeping the bulb bright long enough.

On the other hand, when a very low voltage is applied to the source and the switch is turned on (a positive voltage is applied to the gate), the charge stored in the capacitor immediately begins to discharge and the bulb begins to dim. Then, again, a negative voltage is applied to the gate voltage to close the switch, giving the liquid crystal molecules time to align.

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