As a mainstream display device, liquid crystal display has penetrated into people's daily life and work. It has won a wide range of market and user favor with its advantages of low power consumption, low radiation, high definition and long life. How to carry out the system design of LCD monitor directly affects its performance and user experience. In this paper, we will elaborate the system design process of LCD monitor, including hardware design, software development, and debugging and testing.

1. Introduction

As a mainstream display device, liquid crystal display (LCD) has penetrated into people's daily life and work. It has won a wide range of markets and users with its advantages of low power consumption, low radiation, high definition and long life. How to carry out the system design of LCD monitor directly affects its performance and user experience. In this paper, we will elaborate the system design process of LCD monitor, including hardware design, software development, and debugging and testing.

From the structure of the liquid crystal display, both laptop and desktop systems, the LCD display used is a layered structure composed of different parts. LCD consists of two glass panels, about 1mm thick, separated by a uniform interval of 5μm containing liquid crystal (LC) material. Because the liquid crystal material itself does not emit light, so on both sides of the display are provided as a light source of the lamp, and in the back of the LCD there is a backlight plate (or called even light plate) and reflective film, backlight plate is composed of fluorescent material can emit light, its role is mainly to provide a uniform background light source. The light emitted from the backlight plate passes through the first polarization filter layer and then enters the liquid crystal layer containing thousands of crystal droplets. The crystal droplets in the liquid crystal layer are contained in a structure of tiny cells, one or more of which form a pixel on the screen. Between the glass plate and the liquid crystal material are transparent electrodes, which are divided into rows and columns. At the intersection of the rows and columns, the rotational state of the liquid crystals is changed by changing the voltage, and the liquid crystal material acts like a small light valve. Around the liquid crystal material is the control circuit part and the driving circuit part. When the electrode in the LCD produces an electric field, the liquid crystal molecules will produce a distortion, so that the light that traverses it is regularly refracted, and then filtered through the second layer of filtration layer is displayed on the screen.

2. The principle and structure of liquid crystal display

Before understanding the system design of liquid crystal display, first need to understand the principle and structure of liquid crystal display. LCD is a passive light-emitting display technology, its working principle is mainly to use the transmittance of liquid crystal, by controlling the rotation of the liquid crystal to control the passage of light or blocking, so as to display the image. LCD is mainly composed of the backlight board, the front frame, the back shell, the control board, the liquid crystal material and other parts.

3. Hardware design

Hardware design is an important part of the LCD system design, including power supply design, backlight design, driver design.

Power supply design: in order to ensure the normal operation of the LCD, the power supply part of the need for stable and efficient power supply. The design needs to consider the voltage conversion, current stability and other factors.

Backlight design: the backlight part of the LCD is an important light source, the design needs to consider the brightness, color temperature, uniformity and other factors. Currently the mainstream backlight technology including LED and CCFL.

Driver design: the driver part is responsible for controlling the rotation of the liquid crystal, thereby controlling the passage of light. The design needs to consider the drive voltage, drive current, response time and other factors.

4. Software development

Software development is another important part of the LCD system design, including image processing, control algorithms.

Image processing: image processing is responsible for the input image signal decoding, denoising, enhancement and other processing, which will be converted to LCD can display the signal.

Control algorithms: control algorithms are responsible for the user's operation and control instructions, the LCD for the appropriate control, including brightness adjustment, contrast adjustment, color adjustment and so on.

5. Debugging and testing

Debugging and testing is the final part of the LCD system design, through this link can be found and corrected in the design problems, improve system stability and performance.

Hardware debugging: power suppl

y, backlight, drive and other parts of a separate debugging, check its performance and parameters in line with the design requirements.

Software debugging: debugging the image processing and control algorithms and other software parts to check whether they can correctly process images and control instructions.

Comprehensive test: After completing the debugging of hardware and software, conduct a comprehensive test to check whether the LCD can work properly, whether it can correctly display images and control instructions.

6. Summary

To summarize, the system design of LCD is a complex process involving hardware design, software development, and debugging and testing. In this process, designers need to have a deep understanding of the principles and structure of LCD, a good grasp of the relevant technologies and tools, but also need to have a rigorous attitude and efficient work methods. Only in this way can we design a high-performance, high-stability LCD system to meet the market demand and user requirements.